After receiving a PhD in Clinical Psych, I spent 4 years at the Social Systems Sciences Dept at Wharton doing applied research in social systems (eg., work groups) and trained at the now-defunct Phila Academy of Psychoanalysis (The American Academy) where I finished all but one control case prior to the group disbanding. I then completed the New Directions Program. My research interest has been in the area of Clinical Wisdom--rather than teaching therapists what not to do or how not to be, I have studied the factors that go into a wise clinical approach. I've maintained a full-time private practice since leaving U Penn in 1984.